.net使用RabbitMQ-白红宇

.net使用RabbitMQ

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发布时间：2019-06-22

本文共 12187 字，大约阅读时间需要 40 分钟。

前面的两篇博文算是把RabbitMQ的基础了解了下，今天学习.Net 中RabbitMQ的使用。原本这篇博文是应该上周写的，可在自己使用的过程中出现了一个问题bug:就是在连接服务端时，一直报下面的错误:None of the specified endpoints were reachable.自己也上网查了好久，又问了网友，这里要感谢博客园的园有的帮助。一般使用这些技术的使用都是有一定的步骤，有固有的套路，熟悉了套路，用起来就会很方便。像ADO.Net的五大对象也是，操作数据库先进行连接connection,然后使用command过滤出要选择的数据，使用DataReader或DataSet、DataAdapter,在RabbitMQ的使用当中也有基本固定的步骤。

一、生产者

1.创建连接connection:不管是生产者还是消费者都需要先于RabbitMQ服务器连接，才能进行数据交换

2.创建通道 Channel:生产者、消费者的消息传递是在通道下传递的

3.声明交换器、队列

4.交换器与队列进行绑定

5.通过交换器BasicPublish数据到队列

二、消费者

1.创建连接 :和生产者一样

2.创建通道:和生产者一样

3.声明交换器、队列

4.交换器与队列进行绑定

5.通过BasicGet方法获取队列中的数据

上面一、二是大致的基本步骤，按照大致的步骤来基本不会出现大的问题，其实生产者和消费者的前4个步骤基本一样，主要是第5个步骤，一个是生产BasicPublish发布，一个是获取Get。

三、出现的错误

在ConnectionFactory创建连接对象时出现上面提到的bug:None of the specified endpoints were reachable.这个问了下博客园博友的，博友的回复如下:

这个显然是你的服务端网络不通或者服务没有启用、端口配置不正确导致的，建议你先检查先端口、服务是否启动成功。可以用telnet或者netstat -a等命令，排除本地服务是否有误等问题。排除服务端，再调试客户端,之前自己也有检查了，RabbitMQ也是启动的，用浏览器登录http://localhost:15672也能登录，感觉是相当的纳闷，自己重启了下RabbitMQ之后又试了一下没想到成功了，感觉到好纳闷，现在还不知道是什么原因导致的。好神奇的样子。

四、demo

1.首先在生产者端和消费者端引入RabbitMQ

2.生产者端

using RabbitMQ.Client;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace RMQProducter{    class Program    {        ///         /// 连接配置        /// 
        private static readonly ConnectionFactory rabbitMqFactory = new ConnectionFactory(){            UserName = "cywadmin",            Password = "123456",            Port = 5672,            VirtualHost= "cywVirtualHost"        };        ///         /// 路由名称        /// 
        const string ExchangeName = "cyw.exchange";        //队列名称        const string QueueName = "cyw.queue";        ///         /// 路由名称        /// 
        const string TopExchangeName = "topic.cyw.exchange";        //队列名称        const string TopQueueName = "topic.cyw.queue";        static void Main(string[] args)        {            DirectExchangeSendMsg();           // TopicExchangeSendMsg();            Console.WriteLine("按任意值，退出程序");            Console.ReadKey();        }        ///         ///  单点精确路由模式        /// 
        public static void DirectExchangeSendMsg()        {            using (IConnection conn = rabbitMqFactory.CreateConnection())            {                using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())                {                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(ExchangeName, "direct", durable: true, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);                    channel.QueueDeclare(QueueName, durable: true, autoDelete: false, exclusive: false, arguments: null);                    channel.QueueBind(QueueName, ExchangeName, routingKey: QueueName);                    var props = channel.CreateBasicProperties();                    props.Persistent = true;                    string vadata = Console.ReadLine();                    while (vadata != "exit")                    {                        var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(vadata);                        channel.BasicPublish(exchange: ExchangeName, routingKey: QueueName, basicProperties: props, body: msgBody);                                                Console.WriteLine(string.Format("***发送时间:{0}，发送完成，输入exit退出消息发送",                            DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));                        vadata = Console.ReadLine();                    }                                   }            }        }        public static void TopicExchangeSendMsg()        {            using (IConnection conn = rabbitMqFactory.CreateConnection())            {                using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())                {                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(TopExchangeName, "topic", durable: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);                    channel.QueueDeclare(TopQueueName, durable: false, autoDelete: false, exclusive: false, arguments: null);                    channel.QueueBind(TopQueueName, TopExchangeName, routingKey: TopQueueName);                    //var props = channel.CreateBasicProperties();                    //props.Persistent = true;                    string vadata = Console.ReadLine();                    while (vadata != "exit")                    {                        var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(vadata);                        channel.BasicPublish(exchange: TopExchangeName, routingKey: TopQueueName, basicProperties: null, body: msgBody);                        Console.WriteLine(string.Format("***发送时间:{0}，发送完成，输入exit退出消息发送", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));                        vadata = Console.ReadLine();                    }                }            }        }    }}

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上面的代码分别创建了两个路由和两个队列，一种是DirectExchange，一种是TopicExchange，验证时需要生产者和消费者使用同一种的ExChange。

3.消费者端

using RabbitMQ.Client;using RabbitMQ.Client.Events;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace RMQCustomer{    class Program    {        ///         /// 连接配置        /// 
        private static readonly ConnectionFactory rabbitMqFactory = new ConnectionFactory() {            HostName = "127.0.0.1",            UserName = "cywadmin",            Password = "123456",            Port = 15672,            VirtualHost = "cywVirtualHost"        };        ///         /// 路由名称        /// 
        const string ExchangeName = "cyw.exchange";        //队列名称        const string QueueName = "cyw.queue";        ///         /// 路由名称        /// 
        const string TopExchangeName = "topic.cyw.exchange";        //队列名称        const string TopQueueName = "topic.cyw.queue";        static void Main(string[] args)        {            DirectAcceptExchange();            //DirectAcceptExchangeEvent();            //DirectAcceptExchangeTask();            //TopicAcceptExchange();            Console.WriteLine("按任意值，退出程序");            Console.ReadKey();        }        public static void DirectAcceptExchange()        {            using (IConnection conn = rabbitMqFactory.CreateConnection())            {                using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())                {                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(ExchangeName, "direct", durable: true, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);                    channel.QueueDeclare(QueueName, durable: true, autoDelete: false, exclusive: false, arguments: null);                    channel.QueueBind(QueueName, ExchangeName, routingKey: QueueName);                    while (true)                    {                         BasicGetResult msgResponse = channel.BasicGet(QueueName, noAck: true);                        if (msgResponse != null)                        {                            var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(msgResponse.Body);                            Console.WriteLine(string.Format("***接收时间:{0}，消息内容：{1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"),msgBody));                        }                        //BasicGetResult msgResponse2 = channel.BasicGet(QueueName, noAck: false);                        ////process message ...                        //channel.BasicAck(msgResponse2.DeliveryTag, multiple: false);                        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1));                    }                }            }        }        public static void DirectAcceptExchangeEvent()        {            using (IConnection conn = rabbitMqFactory.CreateConnection())            {                using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())                {                    //channel.ExchangeDeclare(ExchangeName, "direct", durable: true, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);                    channel.QueueDeclare(QueueName, durable: true, autoDelete: false, exclusive: false, arguments: null);                    //channel.QueueBind(QueueName, ExchangeName, routingKey: QueueName);                    var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);                    consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>                    {                                                var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ea.Body);                        Console.WriteLine(string.Format("***接收时间:{0}，消息内容：{1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), msgBody));                    };                    channel.BasicConsume(QueueName, noAck: true, consumer: consumer);                    //已过时用EventingBasicConsumer代替                    //var consumer2 = new QueueingBasicConsumer(channel);                    //channel.BasicConsume(QueueName, noAck: true, consumer: consumer);                    //var msgResponse = consumer2.Queue.Dequeue(); //blocking                    //var msgBody2 = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(msgResponse.Body);                    Console.WriteLine("按任意值，退出程序");                    Console.ReadKey();                }            }        }        public static void DirectAcceptExchangeTask()        {            using (IConnection conn = rabbitMqFactory.CreateConnection())            {                using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())                {                    //channel.ExchangeDeclare(ExchangeName, "direct", durable: true, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);                    channel.QueueDeclare(QueueName, durable: true, autoDelete: false, exclusive: false, arguments: null);                    channel.BasicQos(prefetchSize: 0, prefetchCount: 1, global: false);//告诉broker同一时间只处理一个消息                    //channel.QueueBind(QueueName, ExchangeName, routingKey: QueueName);                    var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);                    consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>                    {                        var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ea.Body);                        Console.WriteLine(string.Format("***接收时间:{0}，消息内容：{1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), msgBody));                                                int dots = msgBody.Split('.').Length - 1;                        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(dots * 1000);                        Console.WriteLine(" [x] Done");                        //处理完成，告诉Broker可以服务端可以删除消息，分配新的消息过来                        channel.BasicAck(deliveryTag: ea.DeliveryTag, multiple: false);                    };                    //noAck设置false,告诉broker，发送消息之后，消息暂时不要删除，等消费者处理完成再说                    channel.BasicConsume(QueueName, noAck: false, consumer: consumer);                    Console.WriteLine("按任意值，退出程序");                    Console.ReadKey();                }            }        }        public static void TopicAcceptExchange()        {            using (IConnection conn = rabbitMqFactory.CreateConnection())            {                using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())                {                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(TopExchangeName, "topic", durable: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);                    channel.QueueDeclare(TopQueueName, durable: false, autoDelete: false, exclusive: false, arguments: null);                    channel.BasicQos(prefetchSize: 0, prefetchCount: 1, global: false);                    channel.QueueBind(TopQueueName, TopExchangeName, routingKey: TopQueueName);                    var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);                    consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>                    {                        var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ea.Body);                        Console.WriteLine(string.Format("***接收时间:{0}，消息内容：{1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), msgBody));                        int dots = msgBody.Split('.').Length - 1;                        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(dots * 1000);                        Console.WriteLine(" [x] Done");                        channel.BasicAck(deliveryTag: ea.DeliveryTag, multiple: false);                    };                    channel.BasicConsume(TopQueueName, noAck: false, consumer: consumer);                    Console.WriteLine("按任意值，退出程序");                    Console.ReadKey();                }            }        }    }}

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消费者端也是两个路由两个队列，在实现DirectExchange时使用了三种方式，DirectAcceptExchange是基于时间轮询的，每隔一段时间获取一次，DirectAcceptExchangeEvent、DirectAcceptExchangeTask是基于事件的，当消息到达时触发事件，获取数据。

4.实验截图

参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/xibei666/p/5931267.html#3680686 感谢园主，我这篇博文用的都是他的例子。

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